Best Practices for Installing Makeup Air Systems in Residential Kitchens
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Comfort
Ensuring balanced ventilation in residential kitchens with high-capacity ranges and hoods is critical for maintaining a healthy and comfortable indoor environment. As the trend towards larger and more powerful stoves leads to the need for equally robust kitchen hoods, effective ventilation has become increasingly important.
This guide explores best practices for achieving balanced ventilation, focusing on optimizing performance and air balance in modern kitchen environments.
Understanding Makeup Air Systems
Makeup air systems are designed to replace the air removed by kitchen range hoods. Properly installed makeup air systems help balance air pressure, prevent issues like back-drafting and discomfort, and maintain indoor air quality (ASHRAE, 2020). Here’s a closer look at the types of makeup air systems and best practices for their installation:
Types of Makeup Air Systems
Unitary Systems
A unitary makeup air system is a comprehensive solution that requires only one exterior penetration. All components, including the fan, pleated filter and controller are integrated into a single unit. Optional accessories include electrical duct heaters and silencers. This design simplifies installation and minimizes exterior modifications.
Modular (or Configurable) Systems
Modular systems consist of individual components - an inlet air hood, filter box, makeup air fan, and silencer. This type offers flexibility in configuration and installation, allowing customization to meet specific designs. Accessories like electrical duct heaters can be added to enhance performance and comfort.
Installation Best Practices
Proper Sizing & Capacity
Consider Airflow Needs: Accurately calculate the required airflow based on the kitchen size and exhaust capacity to ensure efficient ventilation and balanced air distribution (U.S. Department of Energy, 2022).
Match Exhaust Capacity: Ensure the makeup air system is properly sized to match the capacity of the kitchen exhaust system. Balanced air pressure is critical to prevent negative pressure within the building envelope (ASHRAE, 2020).
Location & Placement
Strategic Positioning: Place supply vents for efficient airflow, avoiding direct drafts on occupants. If unavoidable, use larger ductwork to reduce air velocity.
Proximity to Range Hood: Keep vents at least 8 feet from the range hood for effective air distribution. Many contractors integrate vents into kitchen cabinets for discreet, efficient airflow.
In this example, the builder designed a unique hood solution.
Return Air Vent Placement
Strategic Return Vent Placement: For optimal air balance, place return vents in adjacent rooms to avoid drawing in cooking fumes. Properly positioned supply grilles near the range hood ensure balanced airflow, improving ventilation and air quality.
Minimize Duct Length: Keep duct runs as short and straight as possible to reduce resistance and maintain airflow efficiency (ASHRAE, 2020).
Accessibility & Maintenance
Easy Access: Install components for easy maintenance, ensuring optimal performance.
Clear Guidance: Provide simple instructions for filter changes and inspections.
In this installation example, the MUAS was concealed in cabinet that is an architectural feature of the adjacent dining room.
Heater & Silencer Integration
Heater Accessory: In colder climates, consider integrating a heater accessory with the makeup air system to prevent indoor temperature drops during colder months.
Silencer Accessory: To minimize noise, install a silencer accessory to ensure a quieter and more comfortable kitchen environment (Energy Star, 2021).
Compliance & Safety
Follow Codes and Standards: Adhere to local building codes and standards to ensure that the makeup air system is installed safely and meets indoor air quality requirements (ASHRAE, 2020).
Professional Installation: Engage qualified professionals to ensure the makeup air system is installed correctly and meets all safety and performance standards (U.S. Department of Energy, 2022).
In residential kitchens, compensating high-capacity exhaust systems with makeup air is essential for maintaining balanced ventilation and indoor air quality. By following best practices for sizing, placement, and maintenance, engineers, architects, builders, and contractors can ensure that their makeup air systems perform effectively and contribute to a comfortable and healthy indoor environment. For their clients
Whether opting for a unitary system with minimal exterior modifications or a configurable system with individual components, understanding these best practices helps in achieving optimal results and enhancing the overall functionality of residential kitchens. For more information on selecting and installing makeup air systems, consider consulting with professionals who can provide tailored advice and solutions to meet specific project needs.
Flexible and Configurable Ventilation Systems
The MUAS Series provides flexible, easy-to-install ventilation solutions for engineers, builders, and contractors. With adaptable mounting and configurable options, our systems seamlessly integrate into any project, meeting code requirements and overcoming installation challenges.
Unitary System
Our unitary system is engineered for flexibility and efficiency, featuring adaptable mounting options and a space-saving design that provides engineers, builders, and contractors with simple, versatile installation solutions.
Horizontal and Vertical Mounting: The unitary system is designed for installation in both horizontal and vertical orientations, accommodating various kitchen, attic or mechanical room layouts, for example.
Space Efficiency: Flexible mounting options make the system ideal for tight spaces, including small mechanical rooms or compact kitchens, where maximizing space efficiency is crucial.
One Exterior Penetration: The system requires a single exterior penetration, simplifying installation and reducing the risk of air leaks or structural compromises.
Modular System
Designed for flexibility, our modular system allows engineers, builders, and contractors to customize ventilation configurations to meet specific project needs. Built for both versatility and performance, it seamlessly integrates into a wide range of applications.
Modular Design: The system’s adaptable structure enables customization for airflow and pressure requirements, ensuring optimal performance.
Component Selection: With separate components like fans, filter cassettes, duct heaters, and silencers, engineers can mix and match elements for maximum efficiency.
Customization for Complex Installations: Ideal for multi-zone and community kitchens, the system offers the flexibility needed for intricate setups while maintaining high performance and efficiency.
Our unitary and legacy systems offer flexible mounting, space-saving designs, and customizable options to fit any project’s needs.
References
ASHRAE. (2020). ASHRAE Handbook—Fundamentals. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers.
Energy Star. (2021). Energy Star Residential Ventilation Products. Retrieved from https://www.energystar.gov
Fantech. Makeup Air Systems. Retrieved from https://www.fantech.net
U.S. Department of Energy. (2022). Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: Ventilation. Retrieved from https://www.energy.gov
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